educationitaly.org

The University of Padua was established in 1222. The story of its establishment is as follows: the majority of professors and students quitted the   University of Bologna in order to get more academic freedom. Jurisprudence and theology were the subjects to be taught from the first day of its foundation. In 1939, the university was divided in two universities; the first one was that to provide the education in Civil Law, Canon Law, Theology; the second one was that to provide the education in fields of dialectic, astronomy, grammar, philosophy, rhetoric, and medicine. The universities were reunited only in 1813.

There were two student bodies, cismontanes – for the Italians, and ultramontans, for all the other nations. Thanks to Republic of Venice, the University of Padua received a little piece of independence form the Roman Catholic Church. The history of the University of Bologna is not considered to be stable, as within the years of 1237-61, 1509-17, 1848-50 the education was not maintained in the university.

The first women, which received the degree within the walls of the University of Padua was Elena Lucrezia Cornaro Piscopia, it happened in 1678.

If to speak about the present situation in the University, one can mention that it is considered to be one of the most popular and prestigious places to receive the higher education.

The University of Bologna is considered to be the oldest educational institution which is still operating. It is also considered to be a second-largest university in the whole Italy.  The true dating of its foundation is a rather disputable question, however, they say that it was funded somewhere in AD 1088, however, this date is rather conventional.

In 1158, the University of Bologna earned a charter from Frederick I Barbarossa, however in 19 century, historians traced the dating of the establishment of the university back to the year of 1088.

This University has been famous for its programs in law study. Nowadays, the University includes 23 faculties. It hosts a great number of the branch centers in Cesena and Rimini, Reggio nell’Emilia, Ravenna, Imola, and Buenos Aires.

The motto of the University is Alma Mater Studiorum, that means, “fostering mother of studies”.

The following faculties are offered to the applicants within the  walls of the University of Bologna, the Faculty of: Veterinary Medicine, Statistical Sciences, Psychology, Preservation of the Cultural heritage, Political Sciences Roberto Ruffilli, Political Sciences, Pharmacy, Medicine, Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences, Letters and Philosophy, Law, Industrial Chemistry, Foreign Languages and Literature, Exercises and Sport Sciences, Engineering Cesena/Forli, Engineering, Education Sciences, Economics Rimini,  Economics Forli, Economics, Architecture Aldo Rossi, Agriculture, advanced School for the Modern Languages, for Interpreters and Translators.

Bocconi University is considered to be a private university, which is situated near the city of Milan. It was founded in 1902. Its profile is the education in the fields of economics and business. This educational institution is said to be a leading one in terms of its business and economics educational programs. The following degrees are offered by the Bocconi University: B.S., M.B.A., Ph.D. degrees. The courses are provided in both languages in English and Italian and it is a very convenient facility to the foreign students.

If you are a student of the Bacconi University, it means that you are welcome to get a double degree, which gives an opportunity to the student to earn the degree in two related fields for a shorter period of time than earning them separately. This fact is considered to be one more benefit of the Bocconi University.

Wall Street Journal ranked Bocconi University to be within 20 best universities in the world. It is a rather high ranking, is not it? The M.B.A. diploma earned in the  Bocconi University gives you a lot of advantages while trying to be employed between the other employees, as he M.B.A. diploma received at Bocconi University has the great ranking.

The system of Universities in Italy is simple to that one of the United Kingdom. An educational year in the Italy is divided into two semesters, the term of one discipline, as a rule, lasts no longer than semester. The examinations are taking place in the beginning of the studying year – in September, in the middle of the year -  (from January till February), and in the end of the year – (from May till July).

The grades of the knowledge evaluation are from 1 till 30, 18 is that very grade, which means that the examination was passed. At the end of each educational course (Laurea one – a Bachelor’s Degree or  Laurea Specialistica – a Master’s Degree) the final examination is taking place. Such examinations also presuppose a presentation of thesis or dissertation. Final grade is evaluated with the help of the following grades – 1-110. Here, the minimum grade is 66. If the general grade is higher than 110, a degree of cum laude may be awarded.

As I have already mentioned, there are two major options for the students: Bachelor’s degree and Master’s degree. However, only very limited amount of the students stop their education at earning BA, as a rule they are becoming students of Laurea Specialistica.

Speaking about the higher education in Italy, one should mention that the history of the Italian Universities is rather long. It has begun in medieval times with the foundation of the University of Salerno (9th century) and the University of Bologna (1088). A little bit further, in   1222 the university of Padova was founded, and the University of Naples was founded by Frederick II two years later, after that, the following universities opened there doors: University of Florence, University of Pisa, University of Pavia, University of Turin.

Speaking about the present situation in the further education in Italy, one can mention that almost all the universities are public. The names of the majority of the universities are given to them after the place of their location.

In addition, to the public universities, the limited amount of private ones is also presented to the choice of the students; for example, Università Commerciale Luigi Bocconi – the best school in economics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore – backed to the Catholic Church.

Bologna Process is that one who has the great influence on the higher educational system in Italy; according to it, the educational courses are usually divided into two ones: “Laurea” (tree years of education and a Bachelor’s degree, as a result) and “Laurea Specialistica” (two years of the education and a Master’s degree, as a result).

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Here is the list of degrees that are provided by Italian universities.

The study programs can be designed under the new or the old university standards that are the rules having legal validity respectively after and also before 1999 reform held by the Bologna Declaration.

Some new degrees were designed in accordance to the standards of university system since November 1999. Old degrees were designed in compliance to norms of university system up to October 1999.

The five big subject brunches covering the total university education are: humanities, health, social studies, sciences, technology. Every brunch is divided into the next major subject sectors:
1.    Health: pharmacy, dentistry, midwifery, human medicine & surgery, nursing, technical sanitary assistance, preventive care;

2.    Humanities: cultural heritage, arts (visual, performing, music, fashion), education, history, geography; Italian and classical studies, modern languages and cultures (linguistics, glottology, philology, literature), language mediation (translating, interpreting, applied foreign languages);

3.    Sciences: animal production & husbandry,  agriculture, biotechnology, biology, environmental sciences, food industry & forestry, chemistry, natural sciences, statistics, physics;

4.    Social studies: business, administration, cooperation & development, communication, economics, defence & security, law, psychology, physical education & sports, tourism, social service & sociology;

5.   Technology: design, architecture & building engineering, engineering, urban planning, regional & environmental planning.

“Study in Italy” is useful information tool for those students who want to attend higher education programs in Italy, at postgraduate and undergraduate level. This national site offers the next information: kinds of higher education institutions, admission process, various study programs, non-university higher education qualifications, university degrees, tuition language, welfare services, student life and, country information and many other important things.

Links to other sites are given, where detailed information on special themes of personal interest is accessible. “Study in Italy” is the project of MIUR, carried out together with the CIMEA and CINECA.

The website has such mane because Italy as the state has played a significant role in higher education in Europe. It belongs to four states that were occupied to make “European Area of Higher Education” on Sorbonne Declaration in  May, 1998, therefore beginning that kind of higher education reform called “Bologna Process” that was held in June, 1999 on Bologna Declaration, is being accomplished all over Europe.

Nowadays Italy is situated among eight the most developed states in the world. Alongside big firms, both private and state-owned, the country has developed a stable network of medium-sized and small businesses, promoted some scientific parks. It is incentivizing applied and basic research in a variety of brunches.

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